Amplifier circuits

Amplifier types

Common emitter amplifier

Common emitter amplifier in the Falstad circuit simulator

Falstad circuit emulator text:

$ 1 0.000005 13.097415321081861 66 5 50 5e-11
t 208 208 288 208 0 1 -6.335290598254659 0.6267237961459291 100 default
r 288 192 288 96 0 1200
r 208 208 208 96 0 20000
w 208 96 288 96 0
v 96 352 96 208 16 1 100 1 0 0 0.5
c 208 208 96 208 4 0.000003 1.3999061550528193 0.001 0
w 96 352 208 352 0
c 336 224 336 352 4 0.0000022999999999999996 1.0340239322574427 0.001 0
w 336 352 416 352 0
p 416 192 416 352 3 0 0 10000000
R 416 96 448 96 0 0 40 12 0 0 0.5
w 288 96 416 96 0
207 416 192 448 192 4 Vout
g 288 352 288 384 0 0
w 416 192 288 192 0
w 336 352 288 352 0
r 288 224 288 352 0 220
w 288 224 336 224 0
207 416 352 448 352 4 0v
r 208 208 208 352 0 3600
w 208 352 288 352 0
o 4 64 0 x281012 8.250148878587748 0.0001 0 3 0 20 0 4 3 Infinity 0 9 0 500 0

Observations:

• The output voltage is 180 degrees out of phase with the input voltage.
• Increasing the AC frequency from 100 Hz to 1000 Hz introduces clipping on the output.